Defining Good Design
- Aim for good visual appeal and user functionality
- User should be happy with the design, but attracted to the content.
- Design should have easy navigation
- All pages should be easily recognized as being a part of the same site
· Consistent use of colors
· Consistent navigation
· Repetition of identity (e.g., logo)
Components of web site
- Containing Block
- Company Identity (e.g., logo, color, business cards, letterhead, brochures)
- Navigation (keep close to top)
- Content (important – user must be able to find info in seconds)
- Footer (copyright, contact info, legal info, & links to main sections of site.
- White space (should guide the user around the page & help to create balance & unity)
Grid Theory
Golden Ration or divine proportion – divide length by about 1.62
Occurs a lot in nature
Compositions using this proportion are “aesthetically pleasing”
Rule of Thirds
Use to layout page design
Balance
Symmetrical – mirror images on either side of layout
Horizontal
Bilateral
Radial
Last two rarely used in web design, but used in logo creation
Asymmetrical – objects of differing size, shape, tone, or placement – placed in such a way as to equalize the weight on the page – size vs. number
Unity
Different pieces work together as a whole
Unity achieved with proximity and repetition
Repetition refers to a group of similar objects or like colors, shapes or textures
Emphasis
Focal point – a particular element draws user’s attention.
Emphasis can be made with
- Dominance
- Placement (direct center)
- Continuance (e.g., arrow pointing to focal point)
- Isolation
- Contrast (difference in color, size or shape)
- Proportion (difference in the scale of objects – i.e., something much larger or much smaller than it should be in life compared to other objects in picture)
HTML tags & CSS properties designed to create emphasis:
- Block quote – HTML tag used for isolation
- CSS position property
- Blink & Marquee – avoid these
Layouts
Left-column Navigation – most common
Right-column Navigation (allows content to be first thing user sees)
Three-column Navigation (use for lots of navigation, small content, or advertising)
Getting Inspired
Check out these web sites:
http://www.csszengarden.com
http://www.cssbeauty.com
http://www.stylegala.com/archive
http://cssvault.com
http://www.designinternet.com/sow/
Using a Morgue File
Capture screen shots of web site pages:
- Press Alt Print Screen
- Paste
- Save
Fresh Trends
Expansive Footer Navigation
Instead of main links & copyright notice – use footnote for contact info, expanded site navigation, & extra content such as blogrolls, link rolls, Flikr badges,… - bonus navigation vs. main navigation
Three Columns with Content First
Content on far left
Homepage – 3 columns, inside pages – 2 columns
Content expands naturally on inside pages
Resizing: Fixed Width vs. Liquid Width
Fixed Width
- Designer has more control over appearance of floated image within content
- Allows for planned white space
- Narrower text blocks are easier to read
- Can appear dwarfed in large windows
- User loses control
Liquid Width
- Adjusts to most screen resolution & devices
- Decreases user scrolling
- Text extending over a wide area is harder to read
- More difficult to execute
- Can change white space – changing balance & unity
An Alternative: Variable Fixed-Width Layout
When expand browser window from 800 pixels to 1024 pixels wide, the right column separates into a 3rd column.
Screen Resolution
In 2006, 58% of users had their screens set to 1024 x 768 pixels, 19% had higher, and 17% had 800×600.
To design for 800 and 1024 resolutions, design important content within 800 pixels width; display another column for search functionality, topic links, & advertising. That way important info is shown without need for scrolling.